The Class Struggles of 18th and 19th Centuries in Europe Essay

The Class Struggles of 18th and 19th Centuries in Europe Karl Marx wrote the Communist Manifesto in order to give a percentage to the struggling phratryes in Europe. In the document he expressed the frustrations of the lower class. As Marx began his document with the history of all hitherto societies has been the history of class struggles he gave power to the lower classes and sparked a destruction of their opressors.1 He argued that during the ordinal coulomb Europe was divided into two main classes the wealthy upper class, the bourgeoisie, and the lower running(a) class, the proletariat. After years of suffering oppression the proletariats decided to use their autonomy and make a prize to gain power. During the eighteenth and nineteenth century the proletariats were controlled and loaded by the bourgeoisie until they took on the responsibility of acquiring equality through the Communist Manifesto. First it is important to understand the French e conomy during the eighteenth and nineteenth century. The working class people were struggling with their need to get by in life and feed their family and the internal call to make a choice and gain equality. The problem was that the proletariats did not have much of a choice at the time because if they did not work then they did not survive. The struggling class had to agree to what all the owners said and whatever their status, the peasants continued to pay to their lord feudal dues on such land as they held on his estates. 2 It was pass on that a social change was needed since the workers were being so abused and getting no reward for their efforts. The European society during the eighteenth and nineteenth century consisted of ... ...equality.WEB LINKShttp//www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1850-csf/csf.htmhttp//eh.net/Clio/Conferences/ASSA/Jan_99/hadeishi.shtml http//mars.wnec.edu/grempel/courses/wc2/lectures/towns.htmlhttp//gwis2.circ.gwu.edu/yamashir/History .htmEnd Notes 1. Karl Marx, Manifesto of the Communist Party, 1848 (France), 1. 2. John Lough, An Introduction to 18th Century France (New York David McKay Company Inc., 1960), 18. 3. Craig Calhoun, Habermas and the Public Sphere (London The MIT Press, 1992), 187. 4. Lough, 53. 5. Gerhard Grempel, The Eighteenth Century Town The Eighteenth Century Town, <http//mars.wnec.edu/grempel/courses/wc2/lectures/towns.html (October 1 2001). 6. Herbert Wilson, The Old Regime in France. (New York Howard Fertig, 1970), 278.

The Lost Tools of Learning :: Teaching Education

The Lost Tools of LearningThe Lost Tools of Learning was first presented by Dorothy Sayers at Oxford in 1947. It is copyrighted by National Review, one cardinal fifty East 35th Street, New York, NY 10016, and reproduced here with their permission. That I, whose experience of teaching is extremely limited, should presume to discuss education is a matter, surely, that calls for no apology. It is a kind of way to which the present climate of opinion is wholly favorable. Bishops air their opinions about economics biologists, about metaphysics inorganic chemists, about theology the most irrelevant people argon appointed to highly technical ministries and plain, blunt men write to the papers to say that Epstein and Picasso do not know how to draw. Up to a certain point, and provided the the criticisms ar made with a contendable modesty, these activities are commendable. Too much specialization is not a good thing. There is also one excellent reason why the veriest amateur may feel ent itled to have an opinion about education. For if we are not all professional teachers, we have all, at roughly time or another, been taught. Even if we learnt nothing--perhaps in particular if we learnt nothing--our contribution to the discussion may have a potential value. However, it is in the highest degree improbable that the reforms I propose will ever be carried into effect. Neither the parents, nor the training colleges, nor the examination boards, nor the boards of governors, nor the ministries of education, would countenance them for a moment. For they amount to this that if we are to produce a society of educate people, fitted to preserve their intellectual freedom amid the complex pressures of our modern society, we must turn back the wheel of progress some four or five hundred years, to the point at which education began to lose sight of its true object, towards the end of the Middle Ages. Before you dismiss me with the appropriate phrase--reactionary, romantic, mediae valist, laudator temporis acti (praiser of times past), or whatever tag comes first to hand--I will ask you to consider one or two miscellaneous questions that hang about at the back, perhaps, of all our minds, and occasionally start up out to worry us. When we think about the remarkably early age at which the young men went up to university in, let us say, Tudor times, and thereafter were held fit to assume responsibility for the conduct of their own affairs, are we altogether comfortable about that artificial prolongation of intellectual childhood and adolescence into the years of visible maturity which is so marked in our own day?

The Prisoners Dilemma and the Ability of Firms to Collude :: Business Economics Management Essays

The Prisoners Dilemma and the Ability of Firms to ColludeAn oligopoly is a market consisting of a few large interdependent firms who ar ordinarily always trying to second-guess each others behaviour. There is a high degree of interdependence between each firm in the diligence meaning individual firms must take into account the effects of their actions on their rivals, and the course of action that will follow as a result on behalf of the rival firm which will also have consequences. The market as we will see is also allocatively inefficient as price is above borderline cost. There argon restrictions to entry and exit in an oligopoly meaning that potential new firms will have huge costs if they try to enter the manufacture and sometimes firms collude in order to prevent new firms from becoming any threat. For example if a new firm tries to enter the industry the contract can quite easily reduce its prices in the short run so as to remove the new firm. An example of a heavy bar rier to entry for new firms is the cost of National or even International advertising. As a result of the firms being interdependent, there are various varieties of connivance in oligopolies to try and create some stable space for the firms to operate in. There are three kinds of collusion cartel (contractual) covert tacit Cartels usually exist where there are agreements between incumbent firms with prices so that they can share what would be monopoly supernormal profits between them, acting as a monopoly. Firms will get together to decide to restrict the output and raise the price, for example OPEC (Organisation for Petroleum Exporting Countries). In the UK legally binding agreements in cartels are against the restrictive practices legislation and are therefore illegal. Some cartels last longer than others do as some cartels may break contracts. Some examples of cartels include Rowntrees, Cadburys, the concrete industry with three firms (Rugby, Blue Circle and United). An exampl e of covert collusion would be the cement industry, which was found guilty of rigging contracts and was fined eight million pounds. unsounded collusion is forming implicit contracts as if they are colluding for example the soap powders industry. In this type of market rather than competing using prices, non-price competition occurs. Examples of non-price competition are superfluous offers, advertising and quality of service, all of which are to establish their own brand loyalty and maintain a high concentration ratio of the market.

Beneficial Animal Testing Essay -- Science Ethics Scientific Research

Beneficial creature Testing fauna scrutiny has always been plagued with controversy on its ethical issues by animal activist groups and supportive scientists. Is it morally just to experiment and sacrifice laboratory animals on behalf of human look? Dr. Gina Solomon MD wrote her article regarding the benefits of animal testing to protect the human race and all other species. Her article The Lesser Evil shows the beneficial and positive aspects of animal experimentation. She approves the notion for animal testing precisely requests greater regulation and gentler methods of testing when scientifically possible. Dr. Solomons article was published in the Earth Island Journal, Autumn 2002, v17, i3, pg 47. Dr. Gina Solomon MD works for the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC). She is a senior scientist and physician of the Health and Environment program. Dr. Solomons article is trustworthy and credible because she is a licensed practitioner of medicine and a chief scientist. She relies on personal bonk and scientific data to justify the use of animal testing. She works for a reputable nonprofit organization whose opinions are valued for the bulwark of human life. Dr. Solomon focuses her article toward those who are undecided or opposed to animal testing. She hopes to persuade her audience of the scientific human advantage gained by animal experimentation. Animal experimentation is essential for the protection from harmful chemicals and pesticides for all living creatures on Earth. The animal research allows scientist to stop recognize and distinguish poisonous materials for humans and wildlife. Animal activist agencies, such as PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals), ar... ...a huge uncontrolled chemical experiment, (Solomon, pg 47). I enjoyed Dr. Solomons article because she justifies her argument very thoroughly. She uses personal experience and factual information to support her opinions on animal t esting. I found her article to be informative as well as persuasive. Her trustworthy temperament shines through her article from her personal beliefs and convictions. She acknowledges the need for animal experimentation but does not appreciate the waste of any animal life. She used scientific research to explain the necessity to discover the dangerous chemical side effects endangering all life forms. The byproducts of Dr. Solomons article will be a better understanding for animal testing. People will accept testing on animals to be an essential part of human and wildlife protection from toxic chemicals and pesticides.

The Never Ending Israel-Palestine Peace Talks Essay -- International C

The news of commonwealth dying and suffering, killings of women and children, and bombings by terrorists and militaries, has undoubtedly grabbed the worlds attention towards the Israel-Palestine conflict. While Palestinian children visit for their dead parents, the worlds leaders and academics initiated a sick debate, trying hard to point out the real nominate and viable solutions for the current situation. This has direct to many cessation initiatives by the international community that were unluckily a devastating failure. This deadlock had left leaders and supporters of both sides blaming each other for their stubbornness, in some cases elevating the unrest in Israel and Palestine (Reynolds). In this tricky condition, it is hard for us to determine what actually caused the failure of the stay talks without being slanted towards one side. Therefore, my goal in this essay is to examine the cause of the peace talks failure objectively by observing the history of past peace talks, the reasons for disagreement that are given by Palestine and Israel and the discern issues discussed in peace talks. Finally, I will conclude my research by developing my reject on the causes based on the research I prevail conducted.Before we move on to discussing the cause of peace talks failures, it is crucial that we understand the peace initiatives that had occurred amongst Israel and Palestine. The starting point for the peace talks was UNs Security Council Resolution 1967 which occurred after the 1967 war (Reynolds). This resolution stressed on withdrawal of Israel fortify forces from territories occupied in the recent conflict and . . . respect for and acknowledgment . . . of every State in the area and their right to live in peace in spite of appearance secure and re... ...tinue the Peace Process? No, Its Heading for Disaster. Middle eastward Quarterly September 1995 23-28.Reynolds, Paul. History of Mid-East peace talks. 27 August 2010. 1 April 2012 .Saad, L ynda and Steve Crabtree. Opinion brief Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. 30 March 2012. 2 April 2012 .Sabbagh, Karl. Palestine History of a Lost Nation. New Yourk Grove Press, 2006.The Telegraph. Middle East peace talks key issues between Israel and Palestinians. The Telegraph 14 September 2010.Tibi, Ahmad. Pressing Netanyahu is the key to advantage in Mideast peace talks. 3 September 2010. 1 April 2012 . unite Nations Security Council. Resolution 242 (1967). positive Record. New York United Nations, 1967.. Resolution 252 (1968). Official Record. New York United Nations, 1968. The Never Ending Israel-Palestine Peace Talks Essay -- International CThe news of people dying and suffering, killings of women and children, and bombings by terrorists and militaries, has undoubtedly grabbed the worlds attention towards the Israel-Palestine conflict. While Palestinian children scream for their dead parents, the worlds leaders and academics initiated a frantic debate, trying hard to point out the real cause and viable solutions for the current situation. This has led to many peace initiatives by the international community that were unfortunately a devastating failure. This deadlock had left leaders and supporters of both sides blaming each other for their stubbornness, in some cases elevating the unrest in Israel and Palestine (Reynolds). In this difficult condition, it is hard for us to determine what actually caused the failure of the peace talks without being biased towards one side. Therefore, my goal in this essay is to examine the cause of the peace talks failure objectively by observing the history of past peace talks, the reasons for disagreement that are given by Palestine and Israel and the key issues discussed in peace talks. Finally, I will conclude my research by developing my stand on the causes based on the research I have conducted.Before we move on to discussing the cause of peace talks failures, it is crucial that we understand the peace initiatives that had occurred between Israel and Palestine. The starting point for the peace talks was UNs Security Council Resolution 1967 which occurred after the 1967 war (Reynolds). This resolution stressed on withdrawal of Israel armed forces from territories occupied in the recent conflict and . . . respect for and acknowledgment . . . of every State in the area and their right to live in peace within secure and re... ...tinue the Peace Process? No, Its Heading for Disaster. Middle East Quarterly September 1995 23-28.Reynolds, Paul. History of Mid-East peace talks. 27 August 2010. 1 April 2012 .Saad, Lynda and Steve Crabtree. Opinion Briefing Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. 30 March 2012. 2 April 2012 .Sabbagh, Karl. Palestine History of a Lost Nation. New Yourk Grove Press, 2006.The Telegraph. Middle East peace talks key issues between Israel and Palestinians. The Telegraph 14 September 2010.Tibi, Ahmad. Pressing Netanyahu is the key to success in Mideast peace talks. 3 Septem ber 2010. 1 April 2012 .United Nations Security Council. Resolution 242 (1967). Official Record. New York United Nations, 1967.. Resolution 252 (1968). Official Record. New York United Nations, 1968.

Thursday Night :: essays research papers

Thursday NightWhen I first started college, fall two thousand two, I was not really much of a partier. I would stay in most nights, talking to friends online, or visiting some cardinal I knew on campus. All of this changed though, one Thursday during my second semester. I was in my last class for the day, chemistry laboratory. My friend Laura, who was also in the class had been trying to convince me to go to a party with her all semester. I, all semester, had been making excuses to not go. This day though, she finally convinced me by exclaiming, "But SueEllen, its the last party of the semester" I succumbed to her persuasiveness and went rearward to my dorm to prepare.My room-mate, Melissa, was bubbling with excitement when I told her the plans for the night. So we both started sign upting ready. I changed into the only pair of flares I owned, and a pink tank top. I had Melissa iron my hair for me, so I could wear it down, which is something that I dont usually do. The pho ne rang, and it was Laura. She was outside waiting for us, it was time to go.We arrived at the hosts apartment, and the feeling that you get when you go down a steep descent in a roller coaster quickly disappeared when we were introduced to everyone there. It was a very pleasant atmosphere, part because the people were friendly, and partly because almost everyone was slightly, if not entirely intoxicated.At some point during the night, a commotion arose as someone walked through the door into the living room. I looked up, and everyone was yelling, "Rivers". I had seen the kid around campus before, longish black hair worn under a baseball hat, blue eyes, and a lip ring. He was cute, but whenever I had seen him, he seemed kind of withdrawn and had an angry look on his face. Everyone settled back down a moment later, and commenced socializing and drinking.A couple of hours later, I was fairly inebriated, and there werent that many people left at the party. Everyone had gone ho me to get some sleep. I was fairly tired myself, and almost started to gesticulate off while I was sitting on the couch. I woke up a little though, and started a conversation with the person sitting next to me.I dont remember exactly what we talked about, but Im sure it was the usual introductory conversation about what bands we listened to and what classes we were taking.

Prison Nursery Essay

The authors describe prison nurseries as living arrangements within a correctional facility that every(prenominal)ow incarcerated mothers to stop their infants ( natural during their incarceration) with them through all or part of their sentence. This article brings to question whether these women should be treated any differently than any other incarcerated women and who should pay for these programs. The authors note that this may be superstar of the most controversial debates surrounding the imprisonment of women. At the time of this study, the authors note that there are currently 8 states that provide prison nursery programs California, Indiana, Illinois, Nebraska, radical York, Ohio, South Dakota, and Washington. This is up from only 3 states in 1998 and notes that New York has had a prison nursery program since 1901. The authors illustrate studies that have shown that the recidivism rate among women who have been allowed to keep their children in prison nurseries is lower than that of other women. However, limited studies have been cited concerning the development of children born into and raised within a prison nursery program. The authors discuss the woo of prison nursery programs as being one major hurdle into starting and/or continuing these programs. Most nursery programs are segregated from the everyday prison population and are staffed with both civilian and correctional staff, allowing for public and private funding to be used. The authors note that a large percentage of the children in prison nursery programs would otherwise be cared for through public dollars whether it be within the foster care system or public assistance to the impermanent caregiver during the mothers incarceration so there seems to be little difference in the funding or use of funding in terms of child care. Through several studies the authors note the strict guidelines for eligibility for these programs, including type of crime, past history of abuse, and length of s entence. Each program has its on set of criteria and rules barely the authors state that the idea behind the programs is the same wherever it is incorporated and that is to provide an opportunity for mother and child to succeed. The authors conclude that prison nurseries should be more wide available as the trend of women being incarcerated has continued to rise and no decline seems to be forthcoming. They note that studies into the long term effects on children born into prison nurseries is also needed as well as re-entry into society must be closely monitored and facilitated in order for true results to be determined.

Green Mountain Resort

1. Which of the six change ambits discussed in this chapter can be identified in the assumptions about managing disturbance that were held by Gunter? The hospitality literature? The consultant? The change image that can identified in assumptions about charabanc riseover would shed to start with change image 2. This especial(a) change image the change manager as navigator. Gunter wanted to be adapted to curtail the actual turnover rate that where happening within his organization. Gunter seen the turnover as being a bad image for the company.In close to cases I would also agree that a mellowed turnover rate can be less attractive to employees. In the navigator image, control is still seen as at the heart of management action, although a variety of factors external to managers mean that while they may achieve some intended change outcomes, some others will occur over which they have little control . So Gunter wanted to be the navigator in this situation so that he can ta ke control of the turnovers. No matter the changes Gunter tried to tie he was unable to lower turnover rates.Gunter offer one of the top training available to employees and they all would leave to go on to large and infract position and they took the training and knowledge of the hospitality system from Gunters hospitality organization. The change image that the consultant had was change image number where the change manager was the coach. Since Gunter had tried all he could to change the organization the consultant came in as a coach to help Gunter find a way to turn things around. The way the consultant was able to do was coaching Gunter through the turnover process ensuring him that these turnover can be seen as positive.The consultant expressed to Gunter that he had to look at thing differently and he help Coach Gunter through that. Allowing him to see that his organization was creating wonderful employees who were able to move forward to bigger organization in higher roles. 2. How did these assumptions influence prescriptions for dealing with the turnover problem? These assumption help influence the prescription for dealing with turnovers by open the look of Gunter to see what his organization has to offer to employees.It helped Gunter see that his organization was a top training organization and that they presented employees with the probability to gain a lot of knowledge with the opportunity to move forward in their careers at a fast pace. 3. Choose another change image and apply it to the turnover problem. To what new insights does it lead? some other change image that could be applied to the turnover problem would be Image 5 Change Manger as interpreter. The particular change image help manager make sense of the current change. So that they may be able to understand the necessary change.The high turnover meant that the organization has frame their employees to take on bigger challenges. The interpreter image is present in Karl Wiecks 47 sense- making theory of organizational change. He suggests that a central point is needed on the structuring processes and flows through which organizational work occurs. Adopting the latter perspective leads one to see organizations as being in an ongoing state of exploit and re-accomplishment with organizational routines constantly undergoing adjustments to better fit changing circumstances.It may not make sense at first but being able to interpret why he turnover has happened and what positive has come out of the situation. The turnover made the organization one of the top prospective companies for other resorts to look to gain new employees from because of the high level training program. 4. What conclusions do you draw from this about the teaching at the start of the chapter that if we only draw upon one particular frame, then this will take us away from thinking about what is going on from an alternative perspective?This is a very powerful statement and what it make me think of is being closed minded. It says to me that if you focus only on one statement or one area then it limits you from seeing the other things that are going on around. By having tunnel vision an individual or group can miss out on some of the most important things occurring around them. We have to know how to think outside of the box not just think about the things within that box.

Characters in your answer Essay

Nearer the end of the book, he deals with another situation he faces in a genuinely childish, careless manner, showing that he just wants it over with as soon as possible, and that he doesnt really care nigh what is happening, just about himself and his reputation. TJ is about to be hung on Granger Land, by the nightmen for shooting Jim Lee Barnett, and instead of stopping them from murdering TJ, Mr Granger simply says they have to do it on someone elses land. Mr. Granger sent word by me that he aint gonna stand for no hanging on his place.He say yall touch one hair on that boys head while he on this land, hes gonna hold every man here responsible. However eventually Harlan Granger does stop the hanging, to deal with a different difficulty that he is face up with, still his only true motives for this are because the Logan land is on give the sack and firstly he wants the land, and secondly he doesnt want the advise to spread and pulverise his own land. Dry as that timber is, a fire catch hold it wont stop burning for a week. Give that boy to Wade like he wants and get on up there All in all, Harlan Grangers ways of traffic with difficulties and situations that he is faced with are not well thought out, and he only deals with them out of selfishness, or for his own reasons rather than to help others. Papa is an adult like Harlan Granger, just he too has different ways of dealing with difficulties and situations that he is faced with. Papa deals with things he more logical way. He shows braveness, and philanthropy throughout the novel, dealing with things in a way that will benefit others more than himself, if not solely for others.At the end of the book, when TJ is in trouble, Papa shows the best signs of doing all he can to help others. Even though the Logans are not well off, Papa sets fire to their cotton field, in order to distract the nightmen from hanging TJ, because he knows that they will come and try to put it out. This results in uniting the community. Papa stared out as a bolt of lightning splintered the night into a dazzling brilliance. He is clever, because like Cassie, he plans the situation before he goes through with it, working out how he can make the fire look accidental, realising that the lightning could have struck.He doesnt tell a soul or admit to it, so that no harm can come to him. folks thinkin that lightning struck that fence of yours and started the fire Its better, I think that you stay clear of this whole thing now David Or somebody might start wondering about that fire For his final difficulty, Papa is faced with his four children asking what will become of their friend, TJ. He doesnt lie to them, and yet he doesnt directly event their question when they ask if TJ could die, so he is not languishing them but they still know. I aint never lied to yall, yall know that. Well, I I wish I could lie to yall now. To sum up Papas character, he is very much like his daughter, calculating, clever, and planning everything, but he is much wiser, and doesnt act childish. His actions usually result in helping other people, they rarely hurt people unnecessarily. He is very unlike Harlan Granger, because he doesnt have his own private agenda. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted textual matter This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mildred Taylor section.

Lord of the Flies and Human Nature

Good and lousiness. These are two words that everybody has heard. One question that muckle arise from these two words is whether macrocosm are essentially good or evil. The question of humane nature has been a topic that even the greatest philosophers have struggled with. Even the best mint still have evil thoughts which demonstrate that evil exists in all of us, however much that the trait is suppressed. mephistophelian is not a bold line of business straight down the middle of what is right and this is why it is my opinion that human nature is essentially evil.The book Lord of The Flies by William Golding presents the question of human nature and allows the reader to draw their own opinions on what it truly is. The story presents the situation of various young boys stranded on an island and the slow breakdown of orderliness that occurs afterwards. There are multiple quotes in this book that can be utilize to compete that human nature is essentially evil. A particular th eoretical account is Fancy thinking the wildcat was something you could hunt and garbage down You knew didnt you? Im part of you? (Golding 143).The Lord of the Flies said this to Simon while he was hallucinating. In the book, The Lord of The Flies represents the devil and the fear and evil within each of the boys. Further analyzing this quote, it boils down to basically mean that everybody has evil within them. Simon was the only boy on the island who figured out that the beast was not an external threat, it was inside of them. When he tries to inform the other boys of his findings he is killed by them because they were caught in the frenzy and heating system of the hunt.This allowed the beast take them over and rule their actions and caused them to act with brutality. As the story progressed, it demonstrated how the boys went from calm and civilized to savages that were completely taken over by the beast of evil. This action further shows that evil resides in all of us and progr essively takes us over as we commit savage acts for the acts that we commit are the ones that go away ultimately dictate our nature. After succumbing to their inner beast it seems that the thirst for blood was not subdued in the boys.They killed Piggy shortly after Simons tragic demise and instead of expressing both type of remorse Jack says to Ralph See? See? Thats what youll get I meant that There isnt a kinsfolk for you anymore (Golding 181). He reveled in seeing Ralphs tribe break down and with that the death of all order within the boys. Not even line up to being leader now, he and his tribe hunted Ralph down and lit the island on fire to try to draw Ralph out of his hiding place to kill him.This fire, the fire of savagery and evil, had an undesired consequence and got them rescued by order and society in the end. At the end of the book Ralph wept for the end of innocence and the phantasm of mans heart (Golding 202). This particular excerpt exhibits that at the end of his trial by fire (literally) Ralph had realized that deep inside, the nature of man is evil. Without any rules in place, the boys reverted to mans original state of chaos and evil and destroyed the innocence that they had from being children.It was at the end that Ralph could see that humanity is an evil and twisted thing once he had experienced the death of his most loyal friend and seen and participated in Simons killing. The only two boys who realized that the beast was in them all were ultimately killed by the evil evident in human nature. How can young children, who are notably more innocent and less weakened than adults, revert to such acts of evil? The only logical answer that one may be able to find is that everyone has an inherent wizard of good and evil.This sense of evil seems to be the one that reigns supreme in mankind and its nature. There are many examples in history one can use to argue that human nature is essentially evil. A striking example is the reign of Mao Zedo ng in China that started in 1949. He was the founder of the Peoples Republic of China and was a communist revolutionary. Once he had reunited China through his Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries, he enacted a widespread land reform. Zedong used terror and violence to overthrow the owners of large pieces of land and then divided it into plentys communes.The true evils of his reign come to play during his Cultural Revolution. Zedongs regime persecuted millions of people and tortured them, publicly humiliated them, and even forcibly relocated youth to the countryside. Another campaign that killed millions was the Great rise Forward. The Great Leap Forward led to a famine that killed around 18 to 42 million Chinese citizens. Instead of focusing on feeding his people, Zedong was more disquieted on maintaining face and continued exporting grain and refused outside help.Zedong could have avoided this huge genocide but he was more preoccupied with paying brook his debts to the USSR. His desire for power and to one day lead a country that surpassed the United States lead him to neglect the most important element, his people, which is an evil in of itself. Evil can come in many forms, be it how you treat someone to just human nature in general. In Lord Of the Flies, William Golding coveys the message that there is evil inside every person, no matter how good they may seem.Examples in history can also prove that human nature can be a terrible thing and no matter what, there are always going to be bad people who can personify the sense that human nature is evil. One cannot judge and say that human nature is just a good thing or just a bad thing either. There are shades of grey and the in-betweens that one has to account for. In its entirety however, human nature is good with most people just choosing to give in to the evil, leading one to the conclusion that human nature is essentially evil.

Gambling among Adolescents in North America Essay

Lottery, card games, sports betting and money w climb onrs. These argon a few kinds of swordplay that adults engage in however, the youth of straight off atomic number 18 too found to be childs play more than adults (Der notwithstandingsky & Gupta, 2002 Huang & Boyer, 2007). According to Derevensky & Gupta (2002), there is an alarmingly high percentage of children and adolescents engaged in dramatic play activities.In a long-term analysis between 1984 to 1999, it was found that the prevalence of youth dramatic play in North America incr backupd from 45% to 66% and that the affinity of the youth who arouse skillful period of play- colligate problems have increased as well from 10% to 15% in the same time period (Huang & Boyer, 2007). In the past times 25 years in the united States and Canada, it has been found that the youth is satisfyingly associated with gambling-related problems the percentage of youth classified under the Sub-clinical or problem gambling (Level 2) and the morbid gambling (Level 3) were at 14. 6% and 4. 8% respectively in 2006, which is more than twice of the adults who only have a percentage of 2. 5% and 1. 5% to each one (ibid).Among the youth, it has also been found that more young men gamble more than women and they are also identified to be problem risk takers than young women and even among adults (Huang & Boyer, 2007). In North America today, approximately 80% of adolescents have participated in some form of gambling for money within in their lifetime (Felsher, Derevensky & Gupta, 2003 Messerlian & Derevensky, 2005). This is an alarming rate.The scrap of youth who are engaged in adolescent gambling is higher today more than ever before and it is starting to become a serious public health issue that many nations, peculiarly the United States and Canada, are trying to address (Messerlian & Derevensky, 2005). Considerable research by psychologist and sociologists are being conducted regarding this problem. This wallpape r will identify the causes of adolescent gambling, its consequences and what psychologists and the government are doing to treat this issue. Causes of Adolescent playThe availableness and accessibility of gambling increased progressively in the United States and Canada from 1984-1999, which was also the time that an increase in youth gambling also occurred (Derevensky & Gupta, 2002). This increase in youth gambling has been attri only whened to the support of the two governments in the paying(a) gambling industry. Political economy theories of Sauer maintain that this is due to the need for revenue generation of the large governments (Messerlian & Derevensky, 2005). The youth have become exposed to numerous gambling establishments, directly and indirectly (Felsher et al, 2003).The widespread legalization of the different kinds of gambling in North America has greatly exposed the youth to the addictive game (ibid Huang & Boyer, 2007). sport has already become a well-established rec reational form of entertainment (Felsher et al, 2003) and there is already an estimated 15. 3million adolescents in North America who have engaged in gambling activities and 2. 2 million of these are problem or pathological gamblers (Huang & Boyer, 2007). Among 12-17 year old Americans, 4%8% of them are already pathological gamblers and anformer(a) 10%15% of the youth are at risk of developing a serious problem (Felsher et al., 2003 Messerlian & Derevensky, 2005). Adolescents gamble because they are tempted by the lure of excitement, entertainment, and potential fiscal gain associated with gambling (Messerlian & Derevensky, 2005). Increased exposure to gambling will teach the kids to gamble, and the social learning guess of Albert Bandura points out the role of observation and imitation in the acquisition and maintenance of socially desirable and undesirable characteristics (Felsher et al., 2003). The increased exposure they have in gambling influences them to do the same. Family a nd friends are the primary reference groups, but it is the parents who have a stronger influence since they occur earlier than the peer group (ibid). The parents are observed to be having fun and adolescents surveyed said they gamble because their parents play for pastime and excitement, and it is the parents who play their children and engage them in gambling (ibid).In the social learning theory, there are six mechanisms identified that is involved in the development of gambling and these are 1) bear uponive states much(prenominal) as anxiety or depression 2) cognitive distortions approximately gambling 3) sortal reinforcement schedules 4) social and institutional determinants much(prenominal) as opportunity to gamble 5) sub-cultural conditions like prevailing attitude towards gambling and values of the adolescents social context and reference groups (as seen in the forgo paragraph) and 6) internal fantasy relationships with personifications like the parents or lady luck (Up fold, 2007).Lottery is the most favored form of gambling by adolescents because of its ease of accessibility and the borderline amount of money required to participate in the draw (Felsher et al. , 2003). Parents purchase the draught tickets and they include their children in their gambling act by asking for their advice, such as what number/s they should pick, let them carry the money, fill in the drawing stubs, scratching the numbers, etc. (ibid). This observation and direct participation of gambling from significant reference groups, such as the parents, influences the youths participation in gambling activities (Messerlian & Derevensky, 2005).The parental acceptance of gambling as a recreational activity further encourages the youth to partake in it (Felsher et al. , 2003). Adolescents who gamble say that they have learned it from their parents. 15% of children made get-go bet with their parents and another 20% with other family members (Messerlian & Derevensky, 2005). Paren ts gamble in close proximity to their children and they have a poor understanding of the negative consequences that this will have on their child (ibid). The Cognitive-Behavioral Model, which is part of the social-learning theory, may explain this cause.The model is based on the principles of learning from imitation, observation, schedules of enforcement and cognition or how the youth would interpret and draw conclusions about the events around him or her (Upfold, 2007). They are obligate to gamble since the adolescents report that their parents are aware of their gambling and that they do not object to it 50% of parents are aware and are not worried, disregarding the age of the child (Felsher et al. , 2003). 58. 5% of children in the study of Felsher et al.(2003) also say that they wager money with their parents, hence they are taught to gamble some parents even purchase lottery tickets for their childs behalf and it has been found that the more severe gambling a child is doing, the more tickets there are purchased by parents. Also, adolescents who were found to be on a regular basis gambling report that they gamble with their family members and 40% say they do it with their parents (Messerlian & Derevensky, 2005). Problem gambling is governed by a complex set of interrelating factors, causes, and determinants biological, familial, behavioral, social, and environmental (ibid).Under environmental, ease of access of online-gambling sites on the cyberspace is a new problem since the youth can easily access it and can be enticed by the visual appeals of Internet gambling (ibid). Another important reference point and part of the environmental factor which indirectly teaches gambling to children and reinforces it is the school. thither are schools who promote gambling by dint of fundraising activities including lottery, raffle draws, bingo, casino nights, and by permitting card playing within schools (ibid).Another explanation for causes of gambling is the Psyc hodynamic Model, which proposes that personal problems lie within the psyche and are an movement at self-healing or a strategy of resolving unconscious psychic conflictsbeyond voluntary control, (Upfold, 2007), hence the soulfulness continues to engage in gambling. There are three main components in this model and they are 1) Gambling is an unconscious substitute for aggressive outlets 2) Gambling involves an unconscious desire to lose- a wish to be punished in reaction to guilt and 3) Gambling is a medium for continued enactment of mental conflict (ibid).Adolescents do not engage in gambling for money but for excitement and enjoyment through video lottery terminals, sports betting, cards, lotteries, bingo and other forms of gambling, adolescents with a gambling problem exhibit a number of dissociative behaviors such as escape into another world where they have altered egos (Derevensky & Gupta, 2002).Their personality traits that are correlated with risk-taking behavior such as e xcitable, extroverted, anxious and lower self-discipline show that they have poor coping and adaptive skills, so when they cannot cope with many hardships in their life or the striving of being a teenager, they gamble to escape from the real(a)ities of daily life (ibid).Gambling has been a way for adolescents who experience negative life events and use emotional-coping strategies to escape their problems, even if they have claimed to have social support from their peers (ibid Bergevin, Gupta & Derevensky, 2006). The Trait Theory of Gambling is also part of the psychodynamic model and it show that there are certain personalities that is related to the problem of gambling such as depression, anti-social personality disorder- particularly for pathological gamblers, and narcissism- as seen in the compulsive gamblers (Upfold, 2007).Other identified risk factors that may endure to adolescent gambling include staminate gender, alcohol and drug use, deviant peers, family history of gamb ling, and impulsive behavior (Pietrzak, Ladd & Petry, 2003). Consequences of Adolescent Gambling The consequences of adolescent gambling are somewhat similar to that of adult gamblers they not only affect themselves but society as a whole.Adolescent gambling does not only affect the individual adolescent but their families, peers, communities and health services (Messerlian & Derevensky, 2005). The consequences the adolescent gamblers face are widespread and affects their psychological, behavioral, legal, academic, family and interpersonal domains- they become delinquent, have poor academic performance, void their academic performance or even drop out from school, disrupt their relationship with family and friends, and display criminal behavior (ibid).They face negative health, psychological, social, personal and pecuniary consequences that is why gambling is becoming a public health issue (ibid). It has been found that there is a strong correlation between adolescent gambling an d the increased likelihood to drink alcohol, smoke tobacco and use drugs (Hardoon, Gupta & Derevensky, 2004). Huang & Boyer (2007) also says that adolescent gamblers are more likely to experience psychiatric problems, especially shopping mall use disorders.The common factors that lead to this among adolescents are low self-esteem, depression, suicidal thoughts, victim of abuse, poor school performance, history of delinquency, poor impulse control, being male, early flack of gambling, parental history of gambling, and community/family acceptance of gambling (ibid). This will greatly affect the future of the youth since all that they indulge in is gambling. They become dissociated from the real world and spend much of their time gambling that they do not get to develop themselves as individuals anymore.They become more susceptible to suicide ideation and attempts, they set back their old friends with their gambling associates and they have a higher risk to develop an addiction or p oly addictions (Gupta & Derevensky, 2002). In the study of Felsher et al. (2003), they found that 94% of young male gamblers and 93% of young female gamblers are not afraid to get caught. This shows their lack of concern on what may happen to them if they are caught and this may also show the acceptance of their parents.Since parents and most institutions fail to recognize gambling as a serious problem or certain activities to be gambling (Derevensky and Gupta, 2002), the adolescents are at a higher risk to further develop their gambling addiction. The course of gambling varies from one individual to another however, the social learning theory shows that since gambling behavior is acquired it can be thought of as a continuum or stages from problem- unaffixed gambling all the way to pathological gambling (Messerlian & Derevensky, 2005 Upfold, 2007).Messerlian & Derevensky (2005) states that as gambling escalates and one moves along the continuum of gambling risk, the negative outcome s begin to outweigh any potential benefits and this is when they would start experiencing different kinds of impaired personal, health, financial and social consequences. Treatments to Adolescent Gambling The numerous psychosocial costs of gambling to the individual, his/her family and to the community shows that this is a problem that must be addressed and treated (Derevensky and Gupta, 2002).Some adolescents do not know that they have a gambling addiction or disorder and this prevents them from getting proper treatment (ibid) however, with the intervention of family, friends or event the school, the adolescent may get treated. There are several kinds of treatment for adolescents who are already problem or pathological gamblers. Before these are discussed, prevention models for gambling will be discussed first since prevention is better than cure.Government policies should be stricter regarding gambling, particularly On-line gambling since that is readily accessible to the youth. P ublic policies that can influence the social environment and disparage unhealthy gambling behavior such as legislation on advertising and promotion, laws regulating minimum age-requirements and their enforcement, provision of programs for harm minimization, fiscal measures, and regulation of the availability of products should be balanced with the economic gains of the gambling industry (Messerlian & Derevensky 2005).Other prevention models suggested by Derevensky & Gupta (2002) include the need for awareness of the problem activities that increase knowledge on adolescent gambling programs to help modify and change attitude that gambling is not harmless teaching of effective coping and adaptive skills to prevent problematic gambling changing inappropriate conceptions about skill and luck, the illusion of control and independence in gambling activities and identification, assessment and referral of students who are indicative of being at risk to gambling problems.Psychosocial appro aches are one of the methods used to treat pathological gambling and this for adults this includes Gamblers Anonymous (Pietrzak et al. , 2006). For the adolescents several youth groups have been formed such as youthbet. net in Canada and wannabet. org in the United States these website are managed by youths and non-governmental organizations to offer assistance and collaboration to adolescents (Messerlian & Derevensky, 2005). Piertzak et al.(2006) found that cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) and eclectic therapy have been helpful in diminution problematic gambling behaviors. CBT involves altering the inaccurate perceptions, beliefs and attitudes of adolescents about gambling. The eclectic therapy is the individual approach to treating gambling problems and consists of detailed assessment, acceptance of the problem, development of effective coping skills, restructuring of free time, involvement of family and social supports, cognitive restructuring, establishment of debt payment plan s and relapse prevention (ibid).The motivational enhancement therapy (MET) is also used and is based on the concept that behavior change occurs through identifiable stages pre-contemplation, contemplation, action and maintenance (ibid). In this approach, the therapist is non-confrontational and elicits the adolescents understanding of the consequences of gambling and strengthens the commitment to change the ways of the individual since it has a shorter duration that CBT and other therapies, MET is recommended for onset problems (ibid).A disease model is also sometimes used to treat gambling problems. In this approach, the compulsive gambler is made to embrace abstinence from gambling, to participate in self-help groups and to maintain abstinence by going through therapy to deal with previous or latent psychological problems (Upfold, 2007).There is also the Ecological Approach wherein gambling behavior is viewed from multiple perspectives and addresses the behavior from an individual and socio-environmental level where interventions are made at five levels that affects an individual to gamble biological, familial, behavioral, social and environmental (Messerlian & Derevesnky, 2005). Internal and external factors cause an adolescent to gamble.Occasional gambling is harmless but once exposed to gambling especially at a young age, gambling problems may occur and develop into an addiction, which may affect the social, academic and personal life of the adolescent. Treatments vary such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, eclectic therapy, motivational-enhancement therapy and ecological approach however, prevention of adolescent gambling is still the best and this can be done through increased awareness about the public health problem and stricter government policies regarding access of adolescents to gambling venues, especially online gambling.BibliographyBergevin, T. , Gupta, R. and Derevensky, J. (2006). Adolescent gambling Understanding the role of stress and coping. Journal of Gambling Studies, (22), 195-208. Derevensky, J. L. and Gupta, R. (2002). youth gambling A clinical and research perspective. The Electronic Journal of Gambling Issues. Retrieved April 9, 2008 from http//www. camh. net/egambling/issue2/feature/index. html Felsher, J. R. , Derevensky, J. L. , Gupta, R. (2003). Parental influences and social modelling of youth lottery participation.Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology, 13 361-377. Hardoon, K. K. , Gupta, R. and Derevensky, J. L. (2004). Psychosocial variables associated with adolescent gambling. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 18 (2), 170 179. Huang, J. H. and Boyer, R.. (2007). Epidemiology of youth gambling problems in Canada A bailiwick prevalence study. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 52 (10). Messerlian, C. and Derevensky, M. (2005). Youth gambling A public health perspective.Journal of Gambling Issues (14). Pietrzak, R. H. , Ladd, G. T. and Petry, N. M. (2003). Disordered gambling in adolescents Epidemiology, diagnosing and treatment. Pediatr Drugs, 5 (9), 583 592. Upfold, Darryl. (2007). An introduction to conceptual models of problem gambling. Center for Addiction and Mental Health. Retrieved April 13, 2008, from http//www. problemgambling. ca/EN/ResourcesForProfessionals/Pages/AnIntroductiontoConceptualModelsofProblemGambling. aspx

Horniman Horticulture Essay

Horniman Horticulture is a whole-sale nursery line of business that has been owned by Maggie and track for troika social classs. They redeem seen an addition in business and number of plants grown at the nursery and argon expecting demand to continue to grow. In 2005, the businesss profit margin was pass judgment to grow to 5. 8% up from 3. 1% in 2003. This projected produce seems accu reckon considering Maggies conservative approach with the companies silver sleep. Handling the finances, Maggie dis the likes debt financing because of her business concern of retentivity too much inventory and thus not being able to make interest hires.Since the business relies on good weather conditions with round mature plants taking years to grow, severe weather can destroy this inventory. The family has high hopes for the future, since changing their business strategy they now are acquiring to a greater extent mature plants in response to the demand for instant areascape customers a nd are seeing positive signs of economic strength. Because of Maggies accounting policies, the business has started to see a decrease in cash counterbalance which falls below their target of comfort. Projection for 2006Looking at border A, we have given the projection for 2006. ascribable to the local economy growing, demand is also going to continue to grow in their business. Most of their inventory will be ready for customers, since it has been maturing over the stretch forth 2 to 5 years resulting in their revenue growth to be estimated 30% higher in 2006 to $1,360,000. In order to have opportunities for growth, Maggie and Bob motive to buy the neighboring 12 acres of farmland. Because of this plan to buy the parcel of land, their capital expenditures are estimated to be $75,000 which they do not plan to finance.Case make love Revenue growth over the past 3 years has surpassed the industries benchmark and could indicate that Horniman can take an aggressive competitive adva ntage early on. both(prenominal) financial proportions prove the comp any is performing above indus give norms solely due to the fact of their decision to not pay interest on debt, do few additional expenses. An issue that this company may see due to their determination in paying suppliers under 10 days which can be seen in the due Days ratio ( show up C).They do benefit rom a low-down dissolve of making payments early, merely comparing this to the benchmark Horniman takes an fairish of 50 days to collect from outside customers and vendors. This indicates that they are making payments five times faster than they are receiving them, which poses the question of whether the small discount is truly in force(p) to their company. This exhibit also points out the fact that inventory are not being turned over as often and has actually continued to improver since the start of the business.In addition in 2005, they didnt reach their target balance of 8% cash balance of total revenue they fell to a low of . %. In summary, they are very good at driving revenue up and exceeding profits higher than the industries average, but are experiencing a cash flow problem because of the modal value they are running their business. If it is not dealt with now, there is potential for bankruptcy in the future, especially with their future acquisition of land for $75,000 which they do not plan to finance. Financial Statement Analysis When analyzing the financial statements, in Exhibit A we can see that Horniman has done a comme il faut job by increasing their revenues. They change magnitude their revenues by 33% in 2002 being at $788,500 to 2005 at $1,048,800.They have stabilized their depreciation as it simply rose 20% from 2002 to 2005 ($34,200 to $40,900). Also, their tax expense did not increase dramatically by staying around 34 to 39%. After looking at the shrive cash flows in Exhibit D you can see that increases in acquit working capital is a problem with the business. In the first year their net working capital was $44,800 which is 1. 4x the net income of $32,600. In 2004, there was an improvement in net working capital but on the other go on there was a big capital expenditure of $88,100 which reduced their cash.Past 2004, net working capital in 2005 was $97,200 which is 1. 6x the net income of $60,800. If they continue to increase their net working capital like they have in the past, the projected net working capital for 2006 would be -$235,900 which would cause them a negative cash balance of -193,000. When you look at the balance sheet in Exhibit B we can see that the current assets have increased 19% and total assets increased 14. 4%. This is due primarily to the increase in inventory and accounts receivable.In the four years from 2002 to 2005 inventory has increased 8. % and accounts receivable has increased 16. 4%. out-of-pocket to this, the cash balance has decreased from $120,100 all the way bulge to $9,400. In addition in 2005, the cash balance went below their comfort level of $10,000 down to $9,400. This is not meeting their expectation of their 8% minimum of total revenue target. Financial Ratio Analysis Even though their business was growing significantly, and they were experiencing a steady increase in revenues, they were seeing a huge decrease in their cash. The reason for this is because of their recent change to an increase in business from small nurseries.By looking at the financial ratios, even though they are increasing in sales, you can tell that they are relaxed on their accounts receivable and quote terms. Each year it takes them vaster to collect their money. This is due to the fact that the carrying cost of inventory is harder for the smaller customers to endure. To add to this, Bob has to put a bigger enthronization in his inventory because of the more mature plants that take 2 to 5 years to grow, because of the increased demand for instant landscape. Finally, they are paying out cash signi ficantly faster at 9 days than the benchmark of 27 days in order to receive their 2% discount.To summarize it, they are holding their inventory longer, collecting on payments slower, and paying out cash faster which in essence is destroying their cash balance. By looking at the ratios in Exhibit C, you can see the evidence of this in Receivable Days increasing from 41. 2 to 50. 9, and the Inventory Days ratio increasing from 424. 2 to 476. 3. Due to the way their business is being run, the consequences are shown in the liquidity ratios in Exhibit E for 2002 to 2005 and the projected ratios for 2006, all of their liquidity is diminishing. You can see that every ratio is steadily declining throughout the years.Analyzing them all, their cash has significantly decreased the most, diminishing an astonishing 70% from years 2002 to 2005. Compensating for Growth With larger growth coming in 2006, Maggie and Bob need to look at their cash balance and figure out what they will need for financ ing to avoid a negative cash balance which could put them into bankruptcy. With Revenues increasing every year, and dramatically increasing from 2005 to 2006 by 30%, they need a compensating cash balance. Since they do not pay out any cash dividends, their rate of growth is the ROC ratio.In Exhibit A, the return of capital has been an average of 4. 0% in the four years. The un-proportional increase in revenue from 15% to 30% will most likely not be supported for much longer. The need for financing, to counterbalance this significant growth is needed to avoid bankruptcy. Accounts Payable Analysis In 2002, Hornimans cash balance was a respectable $120,100, a number which represented 11. 64% of total assets for that year. As shown in Exhibit F, a common-size cash balance of 11. 64% hardly poses any threats of short-term liquidity risk.However, the following years tell a different story where Hornimans cash balance steadily decreases. In 2005, just 0. 80% of Hornimans total assets were held in casha drop of $110,700 in just three years Keep in mind, Horniman has displayed positive revenue growth through each of these periods negating the idea that these declining cash balances are represented by lack of growth (Exhibit C). In the case write up it was mentioned that Maggie (who controlled the financials) avoided borrowing at all costs, and would take any trade discount her suppliers would offer.To an ordinary individual this would sound like a financially responsible plan, but taking a trade discount isnt always the best decision to make. When taking a discount, certain(p) factors should be looked at to determine whether or not it is worth it. In Hornimans case, Maggie accepts the discount from her supplier every time it is offered. The footnotes state that most of Hornimans suppliers provide 30-day payment terms, with a 2% discount for payments made indoors ten days (2/10 net 30). This is a fairly common discount offered by suppliers to entice the buyer to make t imely payments.Horniman has always had the cash on hand to make these payments within the terms of the discount, but in the long run it is hurting them. The most important factor to look at when making this decision is the current interest rate. Interest rates will do to determine whether it is practical to take the discount or to delay payment till the final day its due. The rule is simple if the borrowing rate offered by a bank is greater than the annualized rate earned by taking a discount, then pass on the discount and delay your payment until its due in full.The rule remains true if the scenario is reversed. Maggies overall issue is she isnt timing her cash inflows with outflows. Her outflows are made within 10 days of receiving the invoice, but she isnt collecting from customers every ten days which is creating a short-term liquidity issue. Our Recommendations As you can see the business as a whole is running pretty strongly and their main problem is just the diminishing cash flow. There are quite a few ways that Bob and Maggie could attempt to raise the sum up of cash that they have on hand and even stop this problem all together.In the case it says that Maggie doesnt want to use much if any debt financing for their business because if they were to have a dramatic loss (i. e. drought, frost, etc ) they could find themselves struggling to backing up with the interest payments on the debt loans that they would have taken out, but using just equity financing can put an unnecessary strain on your business. By simply using equity financing Bob and Maggie are reducing the amount of cash that they could possibly have on hand dramatically.If Maggie were to try and find a happy medium between equity and debt financing, an amount of loans that couldnt bankrupt them if they had a catastrophic loss of inventory but an amount that would service of process them with their cash inflow problem then they could see a reduction of the large negative free cash flow tha t they are seeing now. In reference to their huge capital expenditure they are planning on acquiring the next year, they should think about taking out a mortgage loan on it for the 6. 5%.If they took out a 30 year mortgage loan to finance the $75,000 acquisition, the payment would be $474 monthly, which would save them a huge amount of savings in 2006 instead of paying it with cash that they dont have. Another option is for them to not always pay their suppliers in the 10 days to obtain the 2% savings. As stated earlier in the paper the 2% savings looks and sounds good to the normal person but when a business is having cash problems like Horniman Horticulture is at this time it isnt always the smartest thing to do.Their biggest problem is that their cash outflows are being paid 5 times faster than their cash inflows are coming into their company. If they were to figure out a system to find a way to occasionally get the 2% discount offered to them by their suppliers to save any(pren ominal) money but also hold on to their money some of the time and pay at the 30 day due date they could see a massive change in their short term liquidity problems that they are seeing and that could really help reduce their cash on hand problem.They could also adopt some form of payment reward plan like their suppliers have for customers that buy kinda large quantities of inventory and take a percentage off of the amount owed for payments that are before a certain date. Another option would be to have a preferred customer policy for customers that either have large orders consistently throughout the year or for customers that always pay early on the amount that they owe.For instance they could either chop off a percentage of the price for early payments as stated before or they could offer some of their more unique plants to the preferred customers before they let anyone else have the opportunity to buy them. The final option that we discussed that could help them with their cash problem is to stray past from their new business strategy, and simply calm down on their mature plant inventory since they take so long to be able to bewray and actually bring in any profit on them.From the case it sounds like this could be a profitable business but with the way that they are getting payments in and the possibility of a complete loss if the worst happened to their inventory it seems like it is somewhat of a risky move for them. This could be a much better idea once they figured out their cash problems and fixed their accounts receivable turnover so that they are closer to the 8% that Maggie feels satisfied with having as an emergency fund.

Diamond Necklace

Maupassant uses the symbol of the necklace to represent various situations in Victorian society. However, this theme whitethorn be lost to readers that be not versed in Victorian culture. In the story, the necklace is more than an object of desire. It symbolizes something that is aside of reach for the heroine of the story. It is used to explain the pitfalls of what can happen when desire overrides all other elements of ones life. However, the necklace also has another(prenominal) meaning that is often overlooked. One will recall that there are two necklaces in the story.The for the first time one is the more expensive one. It represents the true upper class of society, those that can truly afford to throw such an object. Madame Forestier feels comfortable allowing Madame Loisel to borrow the necklace. She is not afraid to allow go of it. This suggests that her life savings are not tied up in it. She does not guard it so carefully that she is unwilling to let it out of her sigh t. She is comfortable taking a small risk with it. However, Madame Forestier is less than amicable when the necklace is returned a workweek late.This indicates that although, she was not devastated by the loss of the necklace, it still held a considerable value to her. Her reactions indicate that it was still an ill-fitting loss and held some value in her life. To the wealthy, class of Victorian France, their finery was s symbol of not however their wealth, but their power in society as well. This necklace was important to Madame Forestier as a symbol of her station in French society. We do not know how many pieces such as this that she owned, but this may have been an important piece to her.

Martha Stewart Essay

Its headquarters is in New York and it employs near 760 people with annual turnover of $327. 9 million dollars (Martha-Stewart-Living-Omnimedia,-Inc. ). Martha Stewart achieved her fame beca practice session she was able to reach the masses. She managed it through her affordable produce line along with lot of common sense. Her television shows gained popularity in the U. S. A. MSLO earned good revenues through her snip sales. It appears that Americans took pride in having Stewarts products whether they atomic number 18 for decorating the home or used in their yard.This demonstrates MSLOs popularity in the U. S. A. Any companys mission statement is reflected in its business culture. The mission statement of Martha Stewarts MSLO is Martha Stewart Living enriches the e trulyday lives of women with a sense of pride, creativity, and how-to confidence. Our relationship is comprised of dreamers and doers those who aspire to a more beautiful flavour and those who atomic number 18 acti vely in pursuit of one, in ways big and sm e precise. We provide both the tools and breathing in they need to elevate their timber-of- flavour.Martha Stewart Living sharpens their senses to the world around them, trains them to see the potential of beauty in their surroundings, and helps them try out a distinctive signature style to enhance their world (Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, Inc. , 2010). It appears that MSLOs culture is very vibrant and focuses on having a stylish and meaningful life. Martha Stewarts values reflect on MSLOs culture. Those are Pursue your purpose with passion. Practice solid values. Lead with your heart as well as your head. Establish connected relationships.Unfortunately Martha Stewart, an American home decorator icon, was convicted of conspiracy, making senseless statements, and obstruction to an place proceeding. On December 27, 2001, Sam Waksal, the key shareholder in ImClone, ordered his broker, Peter Bacanovic to sell all his channel in the c ompany. Bacanovic was also Martha Stewarts broker and told his assistant to phone Stewart. The assistant left Stewart a message about Waksals sales (insider information), suggesting she might do the same. Martha Stewart called Bacanovic back and ordered him to sell her entire holding of ImClones 3,928 shares.The sale took place on December 27, 2001 (Fox News, Martha Stewart timeline, 2005). ImClone stock plummeted and Waksal was investigated. The SEC learned of Stewarts sale, and called Stewart to a formal interview. Before the interview, Stewart and Peter Bacanovic conspired. Rather than admitting that Bacanovic gave Stewart an inside tip, they invented a story of a standing(a) sell order. Stewart gave this story to the disposal in formal interviews. After a lengthy investigation, Stewart was found inculpative by the court on various charges on June 4, 2002, although not for insider barter. (AcaDemon term papers and essays).Obviously, Martha Stewart was engaged in this unethic al and illegal doings along with her broker Peter Bacanovic. Selling shares was just a onetime(prenominal) incident on December 27, 2001. Martha Stewart was tried in U. S. District court. On June 4, 2003, James B. Comey the United States lawyer of the Southern District of New York, and Kevin P. Donovan, the Assistant Director in Charge of New York Office of the federal Bureau of Investigation, announced the filing in Manhattan Federal court of indictment charging Martha Stewart, chief executive guardman of Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia, Inc. and Peter Bacanovic, a former securities broker at Merrill Lynch & Co. , Inc. , with conspiracy, obstruction of justice, and making senseless statements to federal agents. The indictment separately aerated Stewart with securities fraud in connection with her artificial manipulation of the monetary value of MSLO common stock (Justice Government Press Release, 2003). The charges contained in the indictment are merely accusations, and the c urbants are presumed cleared unless and until proven guilty (Custom edition for Indiana Wesleyan University. 2007. p. 230).The defendants filed a motion for a new trial, alleging that skilled sweetheart Lawrence F. Stewart, director of the Forensic Services Division of the United States Secret Service, had committed perjury in his testimony on behalf of the prosecution. Motion for new trial was denied by the court on the basis that defendants cannot range the fact that the jury acquitted both defendants of making false statements relating to the existence of the $60 agreement, and the fact that plenteous evidence supports the charges (Custom edition for Indiana Wesleyan University. 2007. p. 42). Stewart did not enter into a plea bargaining agreement.A plea bargain is an agreement in which the accused admits to a lesser crime than charged. In return, the government agrees to impose a lesser execration than might obtain been obtained had the case gone to trial. This saves mak e ups, avoids risks of trial, and reduces the burden on the prison houses (Custom edition for Indiana Wesleyan University. 2007. p. 231). Defendants Martha Stewart and Peter Bacanovic were both convicted of conspiracy, making false statements, and obstruction of an agency proceeding. A jury panel of eight women and quartet men found Stewart guilty on all four counts.Stewart did not appeal. The conviction came exactly one week after U. S. District Judge Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum threw out the nearly serious charge against Stewart, securities fraud which carried a maximum penalty of 10 years in prison and a $1 million fine (Kellman). STEWARTS CRIMINAL INTENT AND CRIMINAL ACT Martha Stewart had mens rea and actus reus. Mens rea is a criminal intent when an act was committed. Actus reus refers to the actual performance of an act. Stewart was charged with insider trading (Custom edition for Indiana Wesleyan University. 2007. pg. 227-228).She gave universe statements saying she was not involved in much(prenominal) activity. Her intention may have been to defend herself and tell general public the truth. Government prosecutors became creative. They did not pursue their charge for insider trading just charged her with mens rea her criminal intent was to keep the MSLO stock price stable in the stock market. Later, Stewart corroborated the story that she already had a standing order with her broker to sell ImClone stock once it reached $60. She tried to falsify her trading records. Here she had actus reus. Brief time line of key trial events On June 4, 2003, Stewart resigned as chairman and chief executive officer of Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia Inc. hours after she was indicted on obstruction of justice charges. -On March 5, 2004, Stewart was found guilty of conspiracy, making false statements and obstruction of justice. The charges carried up to 20 years in prison. -On July 16, 2004, U. S. District Court Judge Miriam Goldman Cedarbaum sentenced Stewart to fi ve months in prison, five months of home confinement and fined her $30,000. She was spared an immediate trip to federal prison as the judge stayed her sentence pending appeal. On October 8, 2004, Stewart slipped into Alderson Federal Womenss prison in West Virginia in the early morning time hours and began serving her five-month sentence. -On March 4, 2005, Stewart was released from Alderson in the early morning hours and arrived back at her multimillion dollar 153 acre New York estate of the realm to begin serving the five-month home detention portion of her sentence (Fox News, Martha Stewart timeline, 2005). CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS The Constitution protects the rights of the people from ill-advised search and seizure by the government (Custom edition for Indiana Wesleyan University. 2007. p. 241).Stewart was a criminal defendant. 6th Amendment was her second option. These rights mainly give rights to confront the witnesses against accused and have a speedy trial. IMPACT ON AMERI CAN PEOPLE Martha Stewart was a successful businesswoman. She not only influenced lot of American people but improved their quality of life. Americans were shocked to learn that Stewart was charged with criminal fraud. Her ImClone stock transaction deliver her approximately $45,000. This is a small sum of funds compared to multi-billion dollar white-collar crime cases, as well as in relation to her wealth (in the hundreds of millions).It is important to note that ordinary shareholders incurred sizeable losses by get Stewarts dumped stocks. Celebrities like Martha Stewart are always in the limelight. Illegal acts committed by them instantly hold up public word of honor (Heminway). PSYCHOLOGY BEHIND STEWARTS ILLEGAL ACT Going back some(prenominal) years in Stewarts life, one notices that she is a daughter of Polish immigrants. She put to worked as a stock broker in her earlier career. Whether Stewarts decision to sell ImClone stocks was either an impulse decision or a calculate d move to cut losses volition be difficult to determine.Everyone makes mistakes in life but we avoid making blunders. Sometimes somebodyal success, wealth, and ego make a person witness that he or she is invincible. Even though she was a multimillionaire, greed compelled her to commit an illegal act. Stewart has a very positive mindset. She is more of a leader than a manager. She believed that MSLO will prosper in the near future. She had resolution to overcome challenging circumstances. Stewart had faith in her heart that success is not too far if she sticks with amount business values and maintains the quality of MSLOs products. ETHICS AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITYEthics and social province are an integral part of any individuals life. They fit like a pop off in a glove. They should be followed strictly not only by individuals but also by company personnel. Both of these terms are very subjective. Any activity is considered ethically correct or good when it is differentiated by incorrect or distressing behavior or conduct. Milton Friedman strongly recommended that businesses should exclusively operate for profit. In my professional opinion, individuals as well as corporations owe their society. A corporation donating money to the local charity or church is an example of social responsibility.It adds value to mankinds quality of life. Martha Stewart change ImClones stocks ground on inside information to reduce her losses it was an unethical act. She conveniently ignored her social responsibility. She did not remember of the separate stock holders who suffered loss because of her action. It would be interesting to give way Stewarts act in light of three theories of ethics. These theories are Consequential theory Deontological theory and human-centred theory (Custom edition for Indiana Wesleyan University. 2007. p. 89). All of these theories revolve around good or bad behavior.Consequential theory, as its name suggests, is based on the consequences of the act in question. Deontological theory analyzes behavior based on set rules and principles which a citizen should follow. Humanist theory focuses on the good qualities and applying mind during instinctive behavior. Sadly, Stewart failed miserably if one applies these theories to her act of sale of ImClone stocks. She did not restrain herself from selling the stocks based on inside information. She incomplete applied the rules which are set in such a situation nor thought of the consequences of her action.In Stewarts case, humanist theory applies to her unethical behavior most. Honesty is a very important virtue. She did not use self-restraint when she quickly made the decision to sell the stocks. She lied to the Federal Court. If she had told the truth upfront, she would have saved herself from all the embarrassment. Let me attempt to evaluate Stewarts actions in terms of five schools of social responsibility. These are 1. Profit-Oriented school Only goal is to make profit. 2. Managerial school Corporations deal with people at large. 3. institutional school Deeds should help society. . Professional obligation school Top tier of the company owes to public welfare. 5. Regulation school Onus is on businesses to be responsible for actions. (Custom edition for Indiana Wesleyan University. 2007. p. 98). It is open from the above brief description that Martha Stewart is from the Profit-Oriented school. She acted recklessly to reduce her losses to maintain the profits. MY OPINION Marthas behavior is understandable. maven should not forget that Stewart is a human being. A real life example will prove my point. Once in the middle of the night, a car was following me.I got scared and started f number thinking he was a shady person. The driver turned out to be a police officer but did not give me a ticket when I explained my position. Stewart, although successfully defended her from insider trading charges, was prosecuted for other crimes. Considering Stewarts rep utation, she should have used her poise, status, and considered the impact of her actions on her and on the general public. Celebrities minor mistakes and blunders become news and it is usually blown out of proportion. Martha, being a smart woman, was most certainly aware of this. From this perspective, Stewarts behavior is ifficult to understand. In my professional opinion the sentence is fair. Martha Stewart is characterized by egoism philosophy, where right or unimpeachable behavior is defined in terms of maximizing personal wealth. Marthas actions were purely out of selfishness. She sold the stocks thinking it was fair and acceptable to avoid personal losses. She did not bother to warn the shareholders about the approaching losses. She bluntly did not care about the shareholders bearing losses as long as she was not losing. With this is mind, the sentence she received is not too harsh and fair enough to warn other miserly people.With this said, I also think and believe that St ewart acted on the information from her broker which she was not entitled to. One should not forget, however, that she did not ask for the information. Hence Stewart did engage in common business behavior. Attorneys should have halt chasing her once they knew that they could not convict her for insider trading. In reality, I think she was simply a scapegoat. In business, a person has to be completely ethical. Ninety-nine good deeds are forgotten at the cost of one bad deed. That is human nature.To build ones reputation again, one has to real work hard, with no guarantee that his or her image will be renewed in the publics eyes. Martha is gaining popularity again. Recently she was on Donald Trumps popular show, The Apprentice. Business leaders will surely think of Martha Stewart if they ever are tempted to sell stocks to avoid losses, especially since she went through a lot of unpleasant things, such as serving jail term, house arrest, and losing approximately 250 million dollars o f her personal fortune. Martha Stewarts case is really different from other criminal cases like WorldCom, Enron, or Tyco.Stewarts wanting to sell the stock was a very personal decision and the US attorneys were successful in trapping her to make mistakes out of fear. In my opinion, this case will not provoke more government regulations and controls. Corporate let the cat out of the bag blowers are not an issue in this case. Bacanovics assistant, Douglas Faneuil who told Stewart of Waksals activity, reached a plea bargain with the government and became a witness (Custom edition for Indiana Wesleyan University. 2007. P. 229). I do not consider him to be a whistle blower. The first step to learn ethics and social responsibility is at home.Mistakes in life are acceptable we learn from them and try our best not to commit those again. Blunders are so obvious that one can stay away from them and not commit them at all. In the business world, chances are higher(prenominal) that, when a blu nder is committed, it is most probably illegal. Anything illegal has dire consequences. Illegal activity surfaces for sure. Until it comes to public knowledge, that person leaves in fear. So my recommendation is do noble things which are helpful to society. Make sure that you have a very clear conscious. Accept mistakes and be humble.

Functions of Secondary Market

Functions of Secondary Market The auxiliary grocery store provides an organized place and the weapon for trading in securities. They also ensure that the deals struck in the stock ar fair and within the framework of law. The efficient functioning of the stock exchange creates a conductive climate for an active and ontogeny primary grocery for new issues. An active and healthy secondary grocery in existing securities leads to meliorate psychology of expectations considerable broadening of enthronement enquiries renders the task of raising resources by entrepreneurs easier.Good performance and outlook for equities in the stock exchanges imparts buoyancy to the new issue grocery store place. The heavy stock exchange facilities the following important activities in the economy of a country i. Favorable climate for growth of primary trade ii. Widening of investment opportunities for the investor iii. Improving availability of resources for the business enterprises iv. Buoyan cy in new issues v. Increasing confidence among the players of the market of import functions 1.Provide a day-and-night market It is the important objective of the secondary market to ensure stability in monetary value as the trading activity progresses. The stock market achieves this aim by providing a continuous market infrastructure to the investor, thereby ensuring liquidity in the market. Some important characteristics of a continuous market are i. Frequency of trades ii. Small spread surrounded by bid and ask damages iii. Immediate execution of launch iv. Change in price being minimum as the transaction takes place The enefits of continuous market are that it creates marketable liquid investments and facilitates collateral lending. 2. Frequency of sales A market will be liquid only when a buyer/ marketer can find seller/buyer. If there are no buyers/sellers for some securities or there is long wait before a buyer/ seller can find counterparty, such market are called ill iquid markets. The primary criterion for a good market is whether investors can sell their portfolio holding quickly with minimal price fluctuation at the time of sale.Liquidity occupies a central place in evaluating the efficiency of exchange. The market should have three important dimensions of liquidity. They are i. depth ii. Breadth iii. Resilience Depth refers to the situation wherein buy and sell orders are available at the quoted price for the desired quantity. If it is not available, then the market is termed as shallow market. The derive of the transaction or the number of orders determines the breadth of the market. Otherwise the market is known as thin.The response to orders to changes in price reflects the resilience of the market. 3. existential roundment of liquidity Empirically, liquidity is stepd by the number of days a play alongs theatrical role is traded, out of the number of days in the year, when the market is open. The number of days particular share is b eing traded reflects the liquidity of the market. If it is traded actively 50%of the days when the market is open, then it is termed as liquid. The variation in price of the share from one trading day to another also determines the liquidity of the share.If the difference between the lowest asked(or offered) price and highest bid-price is wide, the market is said to lack depth and considered shallow. Actually bid- asked spread is an inverse measure of liquidity. Tick as the minimum difference in rates between two orders on the same side i. e. , buy or sell entered on the system for a scrip. Trading in scrips listed on BSE is done with the size of 5 paise, it is 1 paise, in case of unwashed funds and others to pull ahead orders at finer rates and improve liquidity.In United states, variation of one eighth point in the price from the immediate trade is considered liquid. In our country, the minimum tick start from 0. 25. 4. Fair price finis The prices in the stock market are dete rmined by the interplay of the forces of supply and demand. When the prices are going up, it is termed as bull phase and when the prices are going down, it is termed as bear phase. As seen earlier active, bidding and bipartizan auction trading takes place in the stock exchange. The result is as near a market for free trading and free competition, as can be found anywhere.The bargains that are struck are at the fairest price, determined by the basic laws of supply and demand. At time large scale plumbers helper activities raise the price of the share. still such activities are ephemeral in nature. There is no fundamental frequency semblanceship between book value, par value and market value of share, because the share price whitethorn experience a boom if there is large scale investment from an individual or mutual fund company and also during such period too much money chases a a couple of(prenominal) shares.The performance of the stock exchange is also subject to speculation, which at times, drives up the prices above the investment value and at others, below it. Under the normal circumstances, one would leave the situation to the forces of the market- what the buyers and sellers willing to bid and to offer. But in India, conscious policy is adopted to make shares attractive to the foreign institutional investors who evaluates our market, in relation to the other emerging markets. The stabilization of the stock market prices around a reasonable level would be desirable. . Aid to Financing Activities Listed company finds it helpful to sell further issues of their shares in the primary market found on the good performance of their earlier ones. An active market and the good market prices for the companys shares makes the task of raising funds through further issues easier. This facilitates the company to command good price for the subsequent primary issue in the market. Rights themselves have an immediate and a wide market in the stock exchanges, provide d the price including the premium reflects a fair price.Thus the stock exchanges enable a company to market further issues successfully by creating a continuous market for the rights. 6. Other allied functions * The market prices established in the stock exchange trading are useful for tax purpose. * The stipulation on disclosure and transparency ensures that the investors have access to information on the listed companies, particularly with regards to their financial condition. * It serves to protect the investors interest by eliminating the dishonest and irregular practices rampant in the brokerage trade. To ensure a measure of safety and fair dealing to protect investors interest. * To provide the instant valuation of securities caused by changes in the natural environment. * To induce companies to improve performance since the market price at the stock exchanges reflects the performance and this market price is readily available to investors. * Secondary marketing is vital to a n efficient and modern capital market. * In the secondary market, securities are sold by and transferred from one investor or speculator to another. * Risk management

Final Exam Hrdv 5700

Final Exam HRDV 5700 vocation vigilance Recommendation 1. Executive abridgment A brief summary of your recommendation and key points 2. Recommendation I am recommending a restructuring of employee mentorship and inducing programs to increase employee morale and subside swage. a) Mandatory Employee Goal Statements b) Upper way Mentorship Twice a shit Upper Management team members go away provide employees with Goal feedback and assessment * Twice a stern Mini Management Training Seminars c) Goal Completion Incentive Packages for Sales Team Members * Sales counterfeiters will receive predetermined incentives for meeting company sales goals d) Employee Commitment Bonus for Hourly Employees * Predetermined closedown incentives will be get to encourage superior employee practices. Ie 90 days of time stretch will earn you an extra hour of lunch breaks, which can be saved to total up to one full day off and so the record, will restart. . Justification This recommendation is b eing offered delinquent employee evaluations that overwhelming viewed employer involvement in c ber management as almost non-existent. e) Employee Evaluations * Employees were interviewed and asked a standard educate of questions to determine their view on employee Career Management. 4. Background f) History of the Issue * Blanks Family Paper Company midsize theme company located in the Midwest. * Current Employee Career Management Practices None * Current Rational workplace and Get Paid OnlyFeature Article Fin 486 Final ExamCurrent Basis for hourly employees is work 40 hours and get paid for 40 with no incentives. Current incentive for sale worker 8% of sales. With no sales incentives. g) Symptoms vs. Causes * Blanks Family Paper Company current increased turnover from 2010 to 2011, increase in HR Complaints, over all(prenominal) moral is all what kick in called a need for Employee Career Management standards. * Increased turnover, and decrease in sales have been the major sp arks for change. * After interviews, employee surveys, and irrefutable turnover percentage have all been used to gauge this need for change. ) Cost Implications * Cost and Benefit Statement * What are the annualized costs and benefits? * Do the benefits outweigh the costs? * What will be the impact on the HR budget? i) Legal Implications * in that respect are no foreseen legal implications. But all spic-and-spanly implement practices will be evaluated p.a. by an outside law firm to check for any discrepancies. j) Relationship Implications * The employees have voiced their concerns exhaustively and responding positively to all suggest forms of Career Management Reform. Supervisors and Managers should be ready and willing to implement these changes. Implementations of the new changes will prove to be beneficial to all employees. Increased company moral is eternally a positive * These changes will have a positive effect on retention and recruiting. Employees will be willing to stay at a company who values to a greater extent than the time on the quantify but also the lives that are developing. Furthermore, increased company moral and proven healthy and positive Employee Career Management plan will be an huge selling point in company recruitment.It is a major seller of college graduates who desire a career and not just a job. * Outside critics should presumable be impressed by our companys new direction and involvement in the eudaimonia of our employees. * Will it impact recruiting and retention. k) Other company practices * Solutions for Boosting Moral fit to Forbes. com a) Greenbacks are nice, of course, but barring those, Nelson discovered that most employees crave communication, involvement and autonomy. While a hearty pat on the back al shipway feels substantially, extra attention and sense of ownership feel even better. ) Every employee should be given the notice to determine how best to do their jobs, as well as increased authority and leeway in the handling of company resources, says Nelson. c) Arbill, a Philadelphia-based workplace-safety consultancy, takes that observation to heart. The company boosts morale by giving the troops more responsibility. We created employee committees to do things like set up a health fair, a food co-op and separate projects, says chief executive Julie Copeland. d) But the extra work doesnt just let people feel good. honoring how employees manage these committees helps us create a great bench of leaders for the company, says Copeland. e) Taking an interest in your employees also means investing in their future. Thats why training and development opportunities are energizing perks. chip shot out the local community colleges and university-extension departments for affordable classes, and foot part or all of the tuition for caliber employees. f) Company picnics? Chuck them. Employees dont carein fact, they find them a burden. Better to grant the flexibility for in the flesh(predicate) ti me to handle family obligations.Four-day work weeks are becoming popular (though they come with their owncomplications). If possible, consider allow people work from home one day a weekwith gas at $4 a gallon, that savings will feel a like a holiday bonus. * Solutions for Battling Employee disorder According to NFIB. com a) Surveys Employee satisfaction surveys can get to the root of workplace dissatisfaction. You might find that some people are leaving for better pay or benefits, whereas others feel they havent received sufficient training.Surveys set an expectation that management will act on the findings, so be sure to publish a follow-up plan of action afterwards. b) Happiness Assessments Mary Miller, CEO of janitorial services company JANCOA, says annual turnover at her company used to be over 360%. Come 5 oclock both day we were trying to figure out how we were going to get buildings cleaned, she recalls. But Miller found that addressing employees cheer outside of the work place trumped other methods for improving retention at her Cincinnati-based company.She started holding group conversations with employees to discuss what problems they confront in their personal livesand what would make them happier overall. The company created a program called Dream Manager, whereby teams use creative ways to help employees achieve their dreams. In one case, two workers temporarily swapped schedules so that one could take a music production class. Studies show that turnover rarely has anything to do with money, Miller says. Through this program, Miller says shes lowered the turnover rate to 45%. c) Hiring Practices Most companies dont track their quality of hire, says Quinn.They peter out to examine retention among their best people, and so they dont determine why their top performers are leaving. Revisit your employee selection process. Maybe conducting better interviews could weed out people who arent a good fit. Miller says she avoids hiring people who are con cerned solely with money or dont have any future vision for themselves. d) Consultants An outside consultant may help get more safe responses from employees and uncover blind spots in your practices. They may do on-site interviews to get to the source of dissatisfaction, and then propose solutions.Theyll also review human resources data such as exit interviews and performance metrics to look for areas for improvement. 5. Timing * These implementations can be presented and started almost immediately. However, I would Sales Employees a month to make any adjustments to their sales tactics that they deem necessary. 6. Evaluation of Alternatives * Alternative Keeping the Current Employee Career Management as is. * Advantages * No new investments will have to be made. * Employees will not have to reconstitute their current method of work * Disadvantages The very obvious dissatisfaction from employees will have not been address * Turnover will also not be addressed and will continue to b e an issue and a non-selling point for recruitment. 7. Implementation * Specific Actions to be Taken and Time Table * Complete Analysis of literal Surveys 1 Month * Management Training for Mini-Management Training Seminars 2 Months * Introduction of New Career Management Program to Hourly Workers and Sales Team 1 Staff Meeting * Begin New Program 1 Month after Introduction 8. Appendices (samples of forms used)